[PART I ] CHAPTER I -- PRELIMINARY |
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| Section 1 Short title, application and commencement |
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| Section 2 Definitions |
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[PART II] CHAPTER II -- RELEVANCY OF FACTS |
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| Section 3 Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts |
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| Section 4 Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction |
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| Section 5 Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts |
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| Section 6 Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct |
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| Section 7 Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts |
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| Section 8 Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design |
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| Section 9 When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant |
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| Section 10 Facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in suits for damages |
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| Section 11 Facts relevant when right or custom is in question |
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| Section 12 Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling |
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| Section 13 Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional |
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| Section 14 Existence of course of business when relevant |
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Admissions |
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| Section 15 Admission defined |
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| Section 16 Admission by party to proceeding or his agent |
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| Section 17 Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit |
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| Section 18 Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit |
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| Section 19 Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf |
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| Section 20 When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant |
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| Section 21 Admissions in civil cases when relevant |
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| Section 22 Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding |
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| Section 23 Confession to Police Officer |
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| Section 24 Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence |
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| Section 25 Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop |
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Statements by persons who cannot be called as witnesses |
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| Section 26 Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant |
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| Section 27 Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, truth of facts therein stated |
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Statements made under special circumstances |
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| Section 28 Entries in books of account when relevant |
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| Section 29 Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty |
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| Section 30 Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans |
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| Section 31 Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications |
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| Section 32 Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form |
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How much of a statement is to be proved |
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| Section 33 What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers |
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Judgments of Courts when relevant |
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| Section 34 Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial |
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| Section 35 Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction |
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| Section 36 Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 35 |
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| Section 37 Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 34, 35 and 36 when relevant |
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| Section 38 Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or in competency of Court, may be proved |
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Opinions of third persons when relevant |
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| Section 39 Opinions of experts |
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| Section 40 Facts bearing upon opinions of experts |
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| Section 41 Opinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevant |
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| Section 42 Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant |
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| Section 43 Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant |
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| Section 44 Opinion on relationship, when relevant |
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| Section 45 Grounds of opinion, when relevant |
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Character when relevant |
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| Section 46 In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant |
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| Section 47 In criminal cases previous good character relevant |
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| Section 48 Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases |
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| Section 49 Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply |
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| Section 50 Character as affecting damages |
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[PART III : ON PROOF] CHAPTER III -- FACTS WHICH NEED NOT BE PROVED |
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| Section 51 Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved |
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| Section 52 Facts of which Court shall take judicial notice |
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| Section 53 Facts admitted need not be proved |
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CHAPTER IV -- OF ORAL EVIDENCE |
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| Section 54 Proof of facts by oral evidence |
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| Section 55 Oral evidence to be direct |
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CHAPTER V -- OF DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE |
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| Section 56 Proof of contents of documents |
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| Section 57 Primary evidence |
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| Section 58 Secondary evidence |
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| Section 59 Proof of documents by primary evidence |
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| Section 60 Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given |
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| Section 61 Electronic or digital record |
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| Section 62 Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record |
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| Section 63 Admissibility of electronic records |
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| Section 64 Rules as to notice to produce |
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| Section 65 Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced |
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| Section 66 Proof as to electronic signature |
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| Section 67 Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested |
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| Section 68 Proof where no attesting witness found |
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| Section 69 Admission of execution by party to attested document |
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| Section 70 Proof when attesting witness denies execution |
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| Section 71 Proof of document not required by law to be attested |
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| Section 72 Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved |
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| Section 73 Proof as to verification of digital signature |
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| Section 74 Public and private documents |
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| Section 75 Certified copies of public documents |
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| Section 76 Proof of documents by production of certified copies |
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| Section 77 Proof of other official documents |
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Presumptions as to documents |
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| Section 78 Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies |
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| Section 79 Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence, etc. |
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| Section 80 Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, and other documents |
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| Section 81 Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic or digital record |
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| Section 82 Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government |
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| Section 83 Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions |
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| Section 84 Presumption as to powers of-attorney |
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| Section 85 Presumption as to electronic agreements |
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| Section 86 Presumption as to electronic records and electronic signatures |
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| Section 87 Presumption as to Electronic Signature Certificates |
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| Section 88 Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records |
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| Section 89 Presumption as to books, maps and charts |
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| Section 90 Presumption as to electronic messages |
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| Section 91 Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced |
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| Section 92 Presumption as to documents thirty years old |
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| Section 93 Presumption as to electronic records five years old |
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CHAPTER VI -- OF THE EXCLUSION OF ORAL EVIDENCE BY DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE |
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| Section 94 Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document |
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| Section 95 Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement |
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| Section 96 Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document |
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| Section 97 Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts |
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| Section 98 Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts |
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| Section 99 Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons |
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| Section 100 Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies |
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| Section 101 Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc. |
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| Section 102 Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms of document |
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| Section 103 Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills |
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[PART IV : PRODUCTION AND EFFECT OF EVIDENCE] CHAPTER VII -- OF THE BURDEN OF PROOF |
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| Section 104 Burden of proof |
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| Section 105 On whom burden of proof lies |
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| Section 106 Burden of proof as to particular fact |
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| Section 107 Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence admissible |
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| Section 108 Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions |
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| Section 109 Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge |
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| Section 110 Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years |
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| Section 111 Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years |
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| Section 112 Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent |
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| Section 113 Burden of proof as to ownership |
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| Section 114 Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence |
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| Section 115 Presumption as to certain offences |
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| Section 116 Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy |
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| Section 117 Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman |
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| Section 118 Presumption as to dowry death |
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| Section 119 Court may presume existence of certain facts |
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| Section 120 Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecution for rape |
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CHAPTER VIII -- ESTOPPEL |
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| Section 121 Estoppel |
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| Section 122 Estoppel of tenant and of licensee of person in possession |
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| Section 123 Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee |
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CHAPTER IX -- OF WITNESSES |
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| Section 124 Who may testify |
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| Section 125 Witness unable to communicate verbally |
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| Section 126 Competency of husband and wife as witnesses in certain cases |
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| Section 127 Judges and Magistrates |
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| Section 128 Communications during marriage |
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| Section 129 Evidence as to affairs of State |
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| Section 130 Official Communications |
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| Section 131 Information as to commission of offences |
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| Section 132 Professional communications |
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| Section 133 Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence |
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| Section 134 Confidential communication with legal advisers |
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| Section 135 Production of title-deeds of witness not a party |
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| Section 136 Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce |
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| Section 137 Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminate |
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| Section 138 Accomplice |
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| Section 139 Number of witnesses |
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CHAPTER X -- OF EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES |
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| Section 140 Order of production and examination of witnesses |
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| Section 141 Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence |
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| Section 142 Examination of witnesses |
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| Section 143 Order of examinations |
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| Section 144 Cross examination of person called to produce a document |
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| Section 145 Witnesses to characters |
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| Section 146 Leading questions |
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| Section 147 Evidence as to matters in writing |
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| Section 148 Cross-examination as to previous statements in writing |
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| Section 149 Questions lawful in cross examination |
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| Section 150 When witness to be compelled to answer |
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| Section 151 Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer |
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| Section 152 Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds |
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| Section 153 Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds |
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| Section 154 Indecent and scandalous questions |
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| Section 155 Questions intended to insult or annoy |
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| Section 156 Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing veracity |
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| Section 157 Question by party to his own witness |
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| Section 158 Impeaching credit of witness |
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| Section 159 Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible |
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| Section 160 Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact |
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| Section 161 What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under section 26 or 27 |
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| Section 162 Refreshing memory |
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| Section 163 Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section 162 |
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| Section 164 Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory |
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| Section 165 Production of documents |
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| Section 166 Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice |
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| Section 167 Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice |
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| Section 168 Judge's power to put questions or order production |
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CHAPTER XI -- OF IMPROPER ADMISSION AND REJECTION OF EVIDENCE |
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| Section 169 No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence |
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CHAPTER XII -- REPEAL AND SAVINGS |
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| Section 170 Repeal and Savings |
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THE SCHEDULE : CERTIFICATE |
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